In the present study the transesophageal atrial impedance rheogram was applied in 20 healthy people and 28 patients with cardiac disease.A-waves in normal people presented inverted isosceles triangles,while in the patients with mitral stenosis and left atrial dilatation A-vaves were wider inverted trapezoid with the forward troughs,which were called by the author"A-wave of mitral stenosis type".The detailed description and the clinical significance of trans骼ophageal atrial impedance were given in this paper.