文章摘要

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: GAO Yan; WANG Li; YU Fu-lin; LI Hong-mei; (Department of Cardiology, PLA 323 Hospital, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China)

摘要:: 目的:分析血液透析（hemodialysis，HD）患者透析相关急性心律失常的危险因素。方法：选取我院2011年5月~2012年5月维持性HD患者102例，记录透析相关急性心律失常出现的频率，类型及处理策略，并分析危险因素。结果： 102例HD患者共透析8 211例次，急性心律失常出现1 046例次，发生率12.7%，其中室性早搏306例，房性早搏177例，心房纤颤138例，阵发性室上速81例，室性心动过度77例，窦性心动过速228例，窦性心动过缓39例。初步发现伴有年龄偏大、透后低血钾、每次超滤脱水量≥3 kg、贫血、有基础心脏疾患等因素的透析相关心律失常的发生率较高。结论：透析相关心律失常发生与患者基础心脏疾患、透后低血钾、年龄、超滤量和贫血等多种因素有关。

Abstract:: AIM:To analyze the risk factors of acute cardiac arrhythmias in patients with HD. METHODS: 102 cases with HD were selected retrospectively from May 2011 to May 2012 during maintenance hemodialysis, record the frequency, type and treatment strategies of dialysis-related acute arrhythmia, then analyze the risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 1 046 cases of acute arrhythmia occurred in the 8 211 cases of HD patients (12.7%) including 306 cases of premature ventricular beats, 177 cases of atrial premature beats, 138 cases of atrial fibrillation, 81 cases of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, 77 cases of ventricular tachycardia, 228 cases of sinus tachycardia and 39 cases of sinus bradycardia. The preliminary findings showed that the higher rate of dialysis-related arrhythmia was associated with older age, hypokalemia after hemodialysis, ultrafiltration volume ≥3 kg, anemia, and basic factors such as heart disease. CONCLUSION: The causes of dialysis-related arrhythmia are various and include patients with underlying heart disease, hypokalemia, older age, ultrafiltration volume and anemia and other factors. Active correction of risk factors induced by dialysis-related arrhythmia can avoid or reduce dialysis-related acute arrhythmia.