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《心脏杂志》[ISSN:1009-7236/CN:61-1268/R]

期数:

2012年第2期

页码:

213-218

栏目:

临床研究

出版日期:

2012-04-25

文章信息/Info

Title:

Effects of exercise on orthostatic tolerance, exercise capacity and heart rate variability during 30-day head-down bed rest

作者:

耿 捷¹; 孙喜庆²; 刘玉盛³; 杨长斌²; 曹新生²; 张 舒² ; 吴 斌³

(第四军医大学：1.唐都医院医教部，陕西 西安 710038，2.航空航天医学系，航空航天医学 教育部重点实验室，陕西 西安 710032；3.中国航天员科研训练中心，北京 100094)

Author(s):

GENG Jie¹;  SUN Xi-qing²;  LIU Yu-sheng³;  YANG Chang-bin²;  CAO Xin-sheng²;  ZHANG Shu²;  WU Bin³

(1.School of Aerospace Medicine & MOE Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi, China, 2.Research and Training Center for Astronauts, Beijing 100094, China)

关键词:

头低位卧床; 体育锻炼; 立位耐力; 运动耐力; 心率变异性

Keywords:

Head-down bed rest;  physical exercise;  orthostatic tolerance;  exercise capacity;  heart rate variability

分类号:

R851.2

DOI:

-

文献标识码:

A

摘要:

目的:观察和比较30 d -6°头低位卧床期间下肢肌力训练和自行车功量计训练对立位耐力、最大运动时间、体质量以及心率变异性（HRV）的影响，旨在进一步明确体育锻炼方法对失重所致心血管失调的对抗效果，为制定我国载人航天飞行时航天员失重对抗方案提供实验依据。方法：15名男性健康被试者，随机分为对照组、下肢肌力训练组和自行车功量计训练组3组，每组5人。对照组仅-6°头低位卧床30 d，不进行任何处理，下肢肌力训练组和自行车功量计训练组在30 d卧床期间分别进行下肢肌力训练和自行车功量计训练。实验前后测量立位耐力、最大运动时间，实验期间测量体质量及HRV。结果：卧床30 d，对照组的立位耐力较卧床前显著降低（P<0.01），而下肢肌力训练组和自行车功量计训练组的立位耐力较卧床前有所降低，但未达到显著水平。卧床第30 d，对照组和下肢肌力训练组的最大运动时间较卧床前显著降低（P<0.05），而自行车功量计训练组较卧床前无明显变化，且较对照组和下肢肌力训练组显著升高（P<0.05）。卧床期间，对照组体质量较卧床前有降低趋势，下肢肌力训练组有升高趋势，自行车功量计训练组无明显变化；卧床第10 d，下肢肌力训练组体质量较对照组显著增加（P<0.05）。HRV分析发现，卧床期间对照组归一化低频（LFn）、低频功率与高频功率的比值（LF/HF）较卧床前有升高趋势，归一化高频（HFn）有降低趋势，两锻炼组上述指标变化与对照组相似。结论：30 d头低位卧床可引起立位耐力和运动耐力显著降低，心血管自主神经调节均衡性发生改变。下肢肌力训练在一定程度上能够提高模拟失重后的立位耐力，而自行车功量计训练可提高模拟失重后的立位耐力和运动耐力。

Abstract:

AIM:To validate the effects of physical exercise on the countermeasurement of cardiovascular dysfunction from simulated weightlessness by observing the effects of lower limb muscular exercise and bicycle ergometric exercise during 30-day head-down bed rest (HDBR) and comparing their effects on the changes of orthostatic tolerance, maximal exercise time, body weight and heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS: Fifteen healthy male subjects were randomly and averagely divided into three groups: control group, limb muscular exercise and bicycle ergometric exercise group (five subjects in each group). Subjects in the control group only experienced 30 days -6° HDBR, whereas subjects in the other two groups were trained additionally with low limb muscular exercise or bicycle ergometric exercise, respectively. Orthostatic tolerance and maximal exercise time were measured pre- and post-HDBR. Weight and heart rate variability (HRV) were collected during the entire process of HDBR. RESULTS: On the 30th day of HDBR, orthostatic tolerance decreased significantly (P<0.01) in the control group compared with that pre-HDBR, but no significant decrease was observed in orthostatic tolerance in the limb muscular exercise group and bicycle ergometric exercise group during the same period. On the 30th day of HDBR, maximal exercise time in both control group and limb muscular exercise group decreased significantly (P<0.05), whereas no significant decrease was observed in the bicycle ergometric exercise group compared with that pre-HDBR. Maximal exercise time increased significantly compared with those in control group and limb muscular exercise group (P<0.05). Compared with body weight pre-HDBR, body weight showed a decreasing tendency in the control group and an increasing tendency in the limb muscular exercise group, but no significant changes were observed in bicycle ergometric exercise group during HDBR. On the 10th day of HDBR, body weight increased significantly (P<0.05) in the limb muscular exercise group compared with that in the bicycle ergometric exercise group. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis found that compared with the indexes pre-HDBR, LFn and LF/HF showed the tendency of decreasing and HFn showed the tendency of increasing in all three groups. CONCLUSION: Thirty-day HDBR significantly decreased orthostatic tolerance and exercise capacity and the balance of cardiac autonomic regulation changes. Limb muscular exercise to some extent increase orthostatic tolerance following simulated microgravity, and bicycle ergometric exercise increased orthostatic tolerance and exercise capacity.

参考文献/References

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期：2011-10-26.基金项目：军队“十一五”专项课题资助（06Z042），总装备部试验技术研究课题资助（2005SY5211011） 通讯作者：孙喜庆，教授，主要从事重力生理学研究 Email: sunxiqing@tom.com 作者简介：耿捷，讲师，硕士 Email:gjfmmu@163.com

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更新日期/Last Update: 2012-04-01